{"id":2126,"date":"2023-01-26T09:59:09","date_gmt":"2023-01-26T14:59:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/?page_id=2126"},"modified":"2026-09-29T15:01:01","modified_gmt":"2026-09-29T19:01:01","slug":"home","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/","title":{"rendered":"Home"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What We Do<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>We study the efficient generation and detection of THz radiation, as well as how THz waves interact with matters.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this lab, we play with, including but not limited to, the following scientific jargons:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<style id=\"wp-custom-css\">\r\n\r\n \/* Applying CSS to sphere *\/\r\n.tagcloud {\r\n  display: inline-block;\r\n  top: 0 px;\r\n  left: 15%;\r\n\tbottom: 10 px;\r\n  font-weight: bold;\r\n  font-size: 1.25rem;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* Change color of each text in sphere on hover   *\/\r\n.tagcloud--item:hover {\r\n  color: #001e5f;\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<div class=\"Sphere\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\ndocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {\r\n    const texts = [\r\n        'Remote Sensing',\r\n        'Air Plasma',\r\n        'Femtosecond Laser',\r\n        'Group Velocity Dispersion',\r\n        'Ti:Sapphire Laser',\r\n        'Second Harmonic Generation',\r\n        'Ultra-intense Single-Shot Lasers',\r\n        'Time-Domain Spectroscopy',\r\n        'Two-Color Air Plasma',\r\n        'Transition Radiation',\r\n        'Nonlinear Optics',\r\n        'Supercontinuum',\r\n        'Electro-Optic Sampling',\r\n        'Coherent Detection',\r\n        'Terahertz Imaging',\r\n        'Optical Rectification'\r\n    ];\r\n\r\n    TagCloud('.Sphere', texts, {\r\n        radius: 250,\r\n        maxSpeed: 'normal',\r\n        initSpeed: 'normal',\r\n        direction: 135,\r\n        keep: true\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    document.querySelector('.Sphere').style.color = '#000000';\r\n});\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is &#8220;Terahertz&#8221;?<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The etymology of this word comes from Greek, so do most of the units\u2019 prefixes, for which &#8220;tera(\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2)&#8221; translates to &#8220;monster&#8221;. Considering its magnitude, 1 THz = 1 \u00d7 10<sup>12<\/sup> Hz, whoever came up with the name didn\u2019t use the wrong Greek vocabulary. As the name suggests, terahertz waves refer to the electromagnetic radiation that oscillates around 1\u00d710<sup>12<\/sup> times per second.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"359\" class=\"wp-image-826\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/EMspectrum-1024x359.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/EMspectrum-1024x359.png 1024w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/EMspectrum-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/EMspectrum-768x270.png 768w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/EMspectrum-1536x539.png 1536w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/EMspectrum-2048x719.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Electromagnetic frequency spectrum.<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">The THz radiation interval is roughly defined to be within 0.1 &#8211; 10 THz (0.03 &#8211; 3 mm) by the International Telecommunication Union, whereas other definitions also exist depending on different fields of scientific interests. Since the practice of THz research is varied among different scientists in optics, physics, chemistry, and engineering, it is important to address some commonly accepted parameters that are equivalent to 1 THz:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\">\r\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u00a0<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Value<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Equation<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Frequency<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1 \u00d7 10<sup>12<\/sup> Hz<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u03bd<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Angular Frequency<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6.28\u00d710<sup>12<\/sup> rad\/s<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2\u03c0\u03bd<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Period<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1 ps<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1\/\u03bd<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Photon Energy<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4.14 meV<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">h\u03bd<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Wave Number<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">33.3 cm<sup>-1<\/sup><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1\/\u03bb<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Temperature<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">48 K<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">h\u03bd\/k<sub>B<\/sub><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Did You Know?<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first-ever image of a Black Hole captured by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) was actually captured in the THz radiation regime.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"466\" class=\"wp-image-2886\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/image-6.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/image-6.png 800w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/image-6-300x175.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/zhang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/image-6-768x447.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><s>The\u00a0<em>Eye<\/em>\u00a0of\u00a0<em>Sauron<\/em><\/s><em> M87 supermassive black hole<\/em>. <em>Credit: EHT Collaboration<\/em><\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The EHT made this observation at a wavelength of 1.3 mm, which is equivalent to 0.23 THz.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>More About Us<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Please use the toolbar at the top to learn more about the Zhang Research Lab.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What We Do We study the efficient generation and detection of THz radiation, as well as how THz waves interact with matters.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"class_list":["post-2126","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"lead_in":"","display_title":"Zhang Research Group","subtitle":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Terahertz Radiation &amp; 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