{"id":126,"date":"2019-03-20T12:50:44","date_gmt":"2019-03-20T12:50:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/labsites.wdev.rochester.edu\/fienup\/?page_id=126"},"modified":"2026-07-02T17:12:52","modified_gmt":"2026-07-02T17:12:52","slug":"feinup-research-group","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/","title":{"rendered":"Homepage"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_5762\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5762\" style=\"width: 1500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wordcloudt.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5762\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wordcloudt.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wordcloudt.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wordcloudt-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wordcloudt-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wordcloudt-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wordcloudt-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wordcloudt-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5762\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Titles of Publications analyzed by WordCloud. Click on the graphic to enlarge it.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n<h2>Recent news<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/review-fall-2021-james-webb-telescope-optics-engineering\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"http:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/news\/2021\/2021-11-07-webb-telescope.html\">here<\/a> to see a recent story of how our group and others from the University of Rochester contributed to making the James Webb Space Telescope a success.<\/li>\r\n<li>Click <a href=\"https:\/\/afresearchlab.com\/news\/air-force-research-laboratory-interns-win-prestigious-awards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a> to see a recent story on Matt Banet&#8217;s winning of the US Air Force&#8217;s Dr. Samuel Blankenship Directed Energy Scholar Award. Matt had previously won a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartscholarship.org\/smart\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SMART<\/a> scholarship.<\/li>\r\n<li>Click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/optics\/news-events\/news\/archives\/2019\/2019-06-04-fienup-algorithms.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a> to see a recent story on our work on the James Webb Space Telescope.<\/li>\r\n<li>Click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/optics\/news-events\/news\/archives\/2019\/2019-11-26_news-guizar-sicairos-ico-prize.html\">here<\/a> to see a recent story on Manuel Guizar&#8217;s winning the ICO Prize for 2019.<\/li>\r\n<li>Click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osa-opn.org\/home\/career\/2021\/march\/abbie_watnik_on_cultivating_a_network\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a> to see a recent story on former group member Abbie (Tippie) Watnik&#8217;s advice on staying connected.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>We perform research in the areas of:<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Unconventional imaging<\/li>\r\n<li>Phase retrieval<\/li>\r\n<li>Wavefront sensing<\/li>\r\n<li>Imaging with sparse-aperture telescopes<\/li>\r\n<li>Image reconstruction algorithms<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- \/wp:post-content --><\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-very-dark-gray-color has-text-color\">Recently published papers<br \/>(<em>available under Publications tab)<\/em><\/h2>\r\n<p>Y. Cai, E. Druszkiewicz, S.S. Patterson, K. Parkins, J.E. McGregor, W.H. Merigan, J.R. Fienup, and D.R. Williams, \u201cPhase diversity improves retinal image quality in adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/BOE.587075\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/BOE.587075\">Biomed. Opt. Express 17 1767-1781 (2026)<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>\u201cFourier-optics imaging analysis with ABCD matrices: tutorial,\u201d J.R. Fienup, <a href=\"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/josaa\/fulltext.cfm?uri=josaa-41-12-2361&amp;id=563424\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/josaa\/fulltext.cfm?uri=josaa-41-12-2361&amp;id=563424\">J. Opt. Soc. Am. A <strong>41<\/strong>, 2361-2370 (2024)<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>By Ganesh Petterson:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>G.D. Petterson, M.T. Banet and J.R. Fienup, \u201cPost-processing techniques for the reduction of range chatter in 3D holographic imaging with a pilot tone,\u201d in \u201cUnconventional Imaging, Sensing, and Adaptive Optics 2025,\u201d Proc. SPIE 136191M (2025). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.3063946\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.3063946<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><strong>By<\/strong> <strong>Natalia Sanchez Soria:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>N. Sanchez-Soria, S.D. Will and J.R. Fienup, \u201cWavefront drift effects on postprocessing of coronagraph images,\u201d\u00a0J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst. 12(4), 041013 (2026).<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.JATIS.12.4.041013\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.JATIS.12.4.041013<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>N. Sanchez-Soria, S.D. Will and J.R. Fienup, \u201cCoronagraph image postprocessing comparison under wavefront drift,\u201d in \u201cTechniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets XII,\u201d Proc. SPIE 136270R (2025). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.3064540\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.3064540\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.3064540<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><strong>By Matthias Banet<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\u201cSimulating speckle fields in deep turbulence via wave optics: Angular spectrum method versus sinc-basis propagation,\u201d M.T. Banet, K. Luna and J.R. Fienup, Proc. SPIE 13149 -131490P (2024). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.3027682\"> DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.3027682<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>\u201cDemonstration of multi-plane sharpness metric maximization on motion-compensated, multi-wavelength 3D digital holographic field data,\u201d Opt. Lett., <strong>49<\/strong>, 418-421 (2024). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OL.499173\">DOI: 10.1364\/OL.499173<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>\u201cMultiplexed, multi-wavelength 3D digital holographic imaging methods with range unwrapping,\u201d Proc. SPIE 1269304 (2023). doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.2676428\">10.1117\/12.2676428<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>\u201cSpeckle decorrelation effects on motion-compensated, multi-wavelength 3D digital holography: theory and simulations,\u201d <em>Opt. Eng <\/em><strong>62<\/strong>(7), 073103 (2023), <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.OE.62.7.073103\">doi: 10.1117\/1.OE.62.7.073103<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>&#8220;3D multi-plane sharpness metric maximization with variable corrective phase screens,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osapublishing.org\/ao\/fulltext.cfm?uri=ao-60-25-G243&amp;id=458304\">Appl. Opt.\u00a0<strong>60<\/strong>, G243-G252 (2021)<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>&#8220;Subaperture sampling for digital-holography applications involving atmospheric turbulence,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osapublishing.org\/ao\/fulltext.cfm?uri=ao-60-25-G30&amp;id=451894\">Appl. Opt. <strong>60<\/strong>, G30-G39 (2021)<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>&#8220;Compensated-beacon adaptive optics using least-squares phase reconstruction,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osapublishing.org\/oe\/fulltext.cfm?uri=oe-28-24-36902&amp;id=442826\">Opt. Express <strong>28<\/strong>, 36902-36914 (2020).<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><strong>By Joseph Tang:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\u201cUsing a broadband long-wavelength channel to increase the capture range of segment piston phase retrieval for segmented-aperture systems,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.518565\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Appl. Opt.\u00a0<strong>63<\/strong>, 3863-3875 (2024)<\/a><a>.<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>\u201cIntegrating Bias and Gain Invariance with the Generalized Anscombe Transform for Wavefront Sensing,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spiedigitallibrary.org\/conference-proceedings-of-spie\/11443\/1144348\/Integrating-bias-and-gain-invariance-with-the-generalized-Anscombe-transform\/10.1117\/12.2562416.full\">Proc. SPIE 1144348 (2020)<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><strong>By Scott Will:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\u201cHigh-order coronagraphic wavefront control with algorithmic differentiation: first experimental demonstration,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.JATIS.9.4.045004\">J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst. <strong>9<\/strong>(4), 045004 (2023)<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>&#8220;Jacobian-free coronagraphic wavefront control using nonlinear optimization,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spiedigitallibrary.org\/journals\/Journal-of-Astronomical-Telescopes-Instruments-and-Systems\/volume-7\/issue-01\/019002\/Jacobian-free-coronagraphic-wavefront-control-using-nonlinear-optimization\/10.1117\/1.JATIS.7.1.019002.full\">J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst. <strong>7<\/strong>(1), 019002 (2021)<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>\u201cAn algorithm for exact area-weighted antialiasing of discrete circular apertures,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osapublishing.org\/josaa\/abstract.cfm?uri=josaa-37-4-688\">J. Opt. Soc. Am. A <strong>37<\/strong>, 688-696 (2020)<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>\u201cField stop diffraction and sampling effects in apodized pupil Lyot coronagraphs,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osapublishing.org\/josaa\/abstract.cfm?uri=josaa-37-4-629\">J. Opt. Soc. Am. A <strong>37<\/strong>, 629-642 (2020)<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>A famous paper<\/h2>\r\n<p>One of Prof. Fienup&#8217;s papers [J.R. Fienup, \u201c<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/AO82_PRComparison.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Phase Retrieval Algorithms: a  Comparison (opens in a new tab)\">Phase Retrieval Algorithms: a Comparison<\/a><\/strong>,\u201d Appl. Opt. 21, 2758-2769 (1982)] has received over 7,000 citations (Google Scholar) and is the most highly cited paper (out of over 50,000) in the journal <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.osapublishing.org\/ao\/home.cfm\">Applied Optics<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Examples of research problems:<\/h3>\r\n<figure id=\"attachment_1576\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1576\" style=\"width: 731px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1576\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Nasa1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"731\" height=\"542\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1576\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA&#8217;s James Webb Space Telescope<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n<h4><a href=\"http:\/\/ngst.gsfc.nasa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">NASA&#8217;s James Webb Space Telescope<\/a><\/h4>\r\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ngst.gsfc.nasa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">NASA&#8217;s James Webb Space Telescope<\/a> will need phase retrieval to align the 18 segments of the primary mirror. Similar phase retrieval algorithms were used to determine how to fix the Hubble Space Telescope. <a href=\"http:\/\/wfirst.gsfc.nasa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">NASA&#8217;s Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST)<\/a>, although not segmented, will need precise knowledge of its small wavefront aberrations for exoplanet direct imaging and microlensing, which can be determined with phase retrieval. NASA&#8217;s proposed Large UV\/Optical\/Infrared (<a href=\"https:\/\/asd.gsfc.nasa.gov\/luvoir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">LUVOIR<\/a>) Surveyer telescope will include coronagraph instruments that will be able to image dim planets orbiting bright stars. It will require exquisite wavefront control and highly accurate modeling of the coronagraph optics.<\/p>\r\n<figure id=\"attachment_1586\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1586\" style=\"width: 687px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1586\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/SPIRITs.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"687\" height=\"375\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1586\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA&#8217;s SPace InfraRed Interferometric Telescope (SPIRIT)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n<h4>Astronomers and DoD are interested in imaging interferometry<\/h4>\r\n<p>Using two or more well-separated, small telescopes to obtain images having the fine resolution of a single, much larger telescope, as illustrated here by <a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20080030265.pdf\">NASA\u2019s SPace InfraRed Interferometric Telescope (SPIRIT)<\/a> concept. We are interested in image and spectral reconstruction despite uncertainties in alignment and motion, incomplete data, and, for ground-based systems, atmospheric turbulence. We are currently applying these techniques to the problem of imaging geosynchronous satellites from the earth, despite atmospheric turbulence, and of <a href=\"http:\/\/arxiv.org\/ftp\/astro-ph\/papers\/0210\/0210005.pdf\">wide-field infrared astronomical imaging<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1886 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/PRmetrology.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"287\" height=\"201\" \/>Phase retrieval algorithms can be used to perform optical metrology, testing aspheric optical surfaces during their manufacture with a simple system not requiring a null lens. We are developing these ideas for measuring <a href=\"http:\/\/centerfreeformoptics.org\/\">free-form optical surfaces<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1896\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/holography_setups.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"504\" height=\"257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/holography_setups.jpg 504w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/holography_setups-300x153.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/>Image sharpening algorithms can be used to estimate multiple phase screens throughout a volume of turbulence and reconstruct fine-resolution images of objects, despite the space-variant blurring effects of atmospheric turbulence.<\/p>\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1916\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Phase.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"368\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Phase.jpg 360w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Phase-293x300.jpg 293w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/>Phase retrieval algorithms can be used to reconstruct fine-resolution images of satellites and astronomical objects, despite the blurring effects of atmospheric turbulence.<\/p>\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1946\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/MTA-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"153\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/MTA-1.jpg 360w, https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/MTA-1-300x128.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/>Telescopes having sparse apertures or are made up of an array of multiple smaller telescopes can give fine resolution images, while having large savings on size and weight. Image restoration and phase retrieval (to align the sub-apertures) are needed to achieve good quality imagery.<\/p><!-- \/wp:freeform -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Recent news Click here to see a recent story of how our group and others from the University of Rochester contributed to making the James Webb Space Telescope a success.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"class_list":["post-126","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=126"}],"version-history":[{"count":101,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15936,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/126\/revisions\/15936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/fienup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}