{"id":926,"date":"2019-06-04T15:57:12","date_gmt":"2019-06-04T15:57:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/labsites.wdev.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/?page_id=926"},"modified":"2020-12-17T19:28:57","modified_gmt":"2020-12-17T19:28:57","slug":"dynamic-optical-systems","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"Temporal waveguides"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Reflection at a temporal Boundary<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recently considerable interest has focused on a dynamic optical system whose refractive index changed in a dynamic fashion making it time dependent. Initially, this interest stemmed from the observation of adiabatic wavelength conversion<\/strong> in optical resonators. More recently, a space-time analogy has been exploited to make a time lens and use it for temporal imaging. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Evolution an optical pulse across a temporal boundary (Source: PRL 115, 183901)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

My group has developed a time-transformation approach for studying light propagation inside a dynamic optical medium. Our approach transforms the electric field directly through a temporal mapping and does not require the slowly varying envelop approximation. The time-transformation approach provides valuable physical insight in the fields of optical signal processing and ultrafast optics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temporal Waveguides<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Temporal waveguide made using two boundaries (dashed lines) that confine short optical pulses between them. Spectral trace shows large frequency shifts that occur during each temporal total internal reflection.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

More recently we have studied the temporal analogs of spatial reflection and refraction occurring when the refractive index changes suddenly at a temporal boundary. We have also shown that the temporal analog of total internal reflection can be exploited to make a temporal waveguide that confines a pulse inside it. Since September 2019, this project is supported by a NSF grant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For a list of recent publications, visit our publications page<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Reflection at a temporal Boundary Recently considerable interest has focused on a dynamic optical system whose refractive index changed in a dynamic fashion making it time dependent. Initially, this interest…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"parent":646,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-926","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTemporal waveguides - Agrawal Research Group<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Temporal waveguides - Agrawal Research Group\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Reflection at a temporal Boundary Recently considerable interest has focused on a dynamic optical system whose refractive index changed in a dynamic fashion making it time dependent. Initially, this interest…\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Agrawal Research Group\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-12-17T19:28:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/refl2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"345\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/current-research\\\/dynamic-optical-systems\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/current-research\\\/dynamic-optical-systems\\\/\",\"name\":\"Temporal waveguides - Agrawal Research Group\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/current-research\\\/dynamic-optical-systems\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/current-research\\\/dynamic-optical-systems\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/06\\\/refl2.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-04T15:57:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-12-17T19:28:57+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/current-research\\\/dynamic-optical-systems\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/current-research\\\/dynamic-optical-systems\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/current-research\\\/dynamic-optical-systems\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/06\\\/refl2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/06\\\/refl2.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":345},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/current-research\\\/dynamic-optical-systems\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Current Research\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/current-research\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Temporal waveguides\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/\",\"name\":\"Agrawal Research Group\",\"description\":\"Nonlinear Photonics and Optical Communication - The Institute of Optics\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Agrawal Research Group\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/cropped-urochester.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/cropped-urochester.png\",\"width\":250,\"height\":250,\"caption\":\"Agrawal Research Group\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/sites.rochester.edu\\\/agrawal\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Temporal waveguides - Agrawal Research Group","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Temporal waveguides - Agrawal Research Group","og_description":"Reflection at a temporal Boundary Recently considerable interest has focused on a dynamic optical system whose refractive index changed in a dynamic fashion making it time dependent. Initially, this interest…","og_url":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/","og_site_name":"Agrawal Research Group","article_modified_time":"2020-12-17T19:28:57+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/refl2.png","width":500,"height":345,"type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/","url":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/","name":"Temporal waveguides - Agrawal Research Group","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/refl2.png","datePublished":"2019-06-04T15:57:12+00:00","dateModified":"2020-12-17T19:28:57+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/refl2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/refl2.png","width":500,"height":345},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/dynamic-optical-systems\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Current Research","item":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/current-research\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Temporal waveguides"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/#website","url":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/","name":"Agrawal Research Group","description":"Nonlinear Photonics and Optical Communication - The Institute of Optics","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/#organization","name":"Agrawal Research Group","url":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cropped-urochester.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cropped-urochester.png","width":250,"height":250,"caption":"Agrawal Research Group"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=926"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/926\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15012,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/926\/revisions\/15012"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rochester.edu\/agrawal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}